Best practices for introducing -80°C bio-samples into -190°C vapour phase liquid nitrogen freezers

In this paper, Brooks Life Sciences provide experimental evidence of the cooling rate of -80°C samples into a -190°C liquid nitrogen vapour freezer. Warming rates during routine rack pulls on innocent samples and the thermal penalty that each rack-pull causes are also reviewed. Finally, best practices for introducing pre-cooled -80°C bio-samples into liquid nitrogen vapour storage are also discussed.