Process chemistry is an important stage of drug development for scaling-up drug production or chemical synthesis reactions. It is useful for optimizing economical and efficient drug production. Process chemistry uses reactors and pump systems as well as reagents, standards and buffers.
Recombination Activation Genes (Rag) encode enzymes that play an important role in the rearrangement and recombination of the genes of immunoglobulin and T cell receptor molecules during the process of V(D)J recombination. Rag1 knockout rats lack mature B and T lymphocytes. Rag1 Knockout Rat Characteristics: 29 bp deletion within Exon 2 on chromosome 3 Homozygous Rag1 knockout rats display loss of RAG1 protein via Wester…
In vivo model for xenograft and Immunology studies. Recombination Activation Genes (Rag) encode enzymes that play an important role in the rearrangement and recombination of the genes of immunoglobulin and T cell receptor molecules during the process of V(D)J recombination. Rag1 knockout rats lack mature B and T lymphocytes.Rag1 Knockout Rat Characteristics: 29 bp deletion within Exon 2 on chromosome 3 Homozygous Rag1 k…
The Prkdc gene encodes the catalytic subunit of a nuclear DNA-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (DNA-PK). DNA-PK is required for the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway of DNA repair, which rejoins double-strand breaks. It is also required for V(D)J recombination, a process that utilizes NHEJ to promote immune system diversity. Mature B and T cells are critical components for an adaptive immune system. DNA-PK kn…
The Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) receptor is directly involved in the development of atherosclerosis, due to accumulation of LDL cholesterol in the blood. Ldlr (-/-) rats show elevated serum cholesterol levels. Ldlr Knockout Rat Characteristics: This model possesses a 337 bp deletion and 4 bp insertion within Exon 4 on chromosome 8 Homozygous knockout rats display loss of LDLR protein via Western blot Homozygous knoc…
Leptin is essential for energy intake and expenditure. It is one of the most important adipose-derived hormones, being primarily expressed in adipocytes of white adipose tissue. Loss of function of Leptin creates an uncontrolled appetite leading to severe obesity and abnormal metabolism, making this a useful model for the study of lifestyle diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, high cholesterol and high blood…
Rabbits are a preferred model in hypertension and atherosclerosis studies due to their convenience of various physiological and surgical manipulations. ApoE Knockout rabbits have drastically elevated cholesterol and triglycerides, making it an excellent model of human heart disease. ApoE Knockout Rabbit Characteristics: 8 bp deletion within Exon 3 Homozygous knockouts exhibit complete loss of ApoE protein via Western bl…
Cyclooxygenase (COX), also known as prostaglandin synthase (PHS) and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase (PES), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Rats deficient in COX1 can be used for studying inflammation, thrombosis, vascular defects, platelet defects and alterations in platelet aggregation.Cox1 Knoc…
Galectins have been implicated in inflammation and cancer, and are useful targets for development of new anti-inflammatory and anticancer therapies. LGALS1 (GAL1) may act as an autocrine negative growth factor that regulates cell proliferation. Lgals1 (gal1) Knockout Rat Characteristics: Homozygous knockout rats display loss of LGALS1 protein via Western blot Background Strain: Sprague-Dawley Research Applications:…
T-box transcription factor (TBX21) is a member of the T-box protein family, which shares a common DNA-binding domain. TBX21 plays a critical role in Th1 cell differentiation through stimulation of IFN γ. Due to a hypersensitive immune system, the Tbx21 (-/-) rat model is useful for studies of acute and chronic human asthma, Crohn’s disease, colitis, cancer metastasis, autoimmune disorders and inflammation.Tbx21 (T-beta) Knock…
This model contains a bi-allelic deletion within the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha gene (Ppara). Ppara Knockout Rat Characteristics: Homozygous Knockouts exhibit complete loss of protein via Western blot Background Strain: Sprague-Dawley Research Applications: Lipid metabolism Diabetes Obesity Cell proliferation Wound healing Inflammation/Autoimmune disorders
Developed in collaboration with The Michael J. Fox Foundation, this model contains a deletion of the Pink1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1) gene, encoding for a serine/threonine protein kinase. Mutations in Pink1 are implicated in early-onset Parkinson’s disease. Pink1 knockout rats show both motor impairments and dopaminergic cell loss, making this a useful model of Parkinson’s disease.Pink1 (Park6) Knockout Rat Characterist…
This model contains a biallelic deletion within the Disc1 (disrupted in schizophrenia 1) gene, encoding the DISC1 protein. A translocation disrupting Disc1 was discovered to co-segregate with major psychiatric illness in a Scottish family. This model is useful in the study of schizophrenia.Disc1 Knockout Rat Characteristics: Disc1 is involved in neuronal growth and cortical development The protein also regulates the pro…
This model contains a biallelic deletion of the neuroligin 3 gene (Nlgn3). Mutations in Nlgn3 have been linked with autism and Asperger’s syndrome. This model is useful for understanding the role of neuroligins in the development of autism spectrum disorders.Neuroligin 3 (Nlgn3) Knockout Rat Characteristics: This model was created in collaboration with Autism Speaks and is currently undergoing phenotypic characterization…
This model expresses cre-recombinase under the control of the endogenous tyrosine hydroxylase promoter enabling specific expression in dopaminergic neurons. This model possesses a targeted insertion of (IRES)-cre immediately after the translational stop in the open reading frame of Th. The TH-Cre rat is useful for applications requiring tissue specific expression, including optogenetics and breeding with transgenic floxed lin…
Colony Expansion and Custom Breeding Services SAGE® Labs offers continued support for your custom model generation needs. Whether it’s breeding a small cohort of homozygous knockouts for characterization or expansion for regular cohort delivery, our expert staff will work with you to determine the best breeding plan to meet your research goals.Features: Specific pathogen-free facility Comprehensive health monitoring pro…
Developed from a line of Crl:CD(SD) rats. Two lines were developed from this outbred colony, the OP-CD (Obese Prone) and OR-CD (Obese Resistant). This model becomes obese when fed high-fat diets. Obesity develops despite having a fully functioning leptin receptor. The control for this model is the Crl:OR(CD). Model Properties: Coat Color: White (albino) Ideal For: obesity, metabolic syndrome Strain Code: 463
PCSK9 mice were created utilizing a full-length human PSK9 cDNA with a C-terminal V5 tag expressed under the transcriptional control of a composite human albumin promoter containing a 235 bp SV40 enhancer and a 213 bp albumin promoter element. A chimeric intron was inserted between the promoter and PCSK 9 cDNA to enhance expression. The expression cassette was flanked by a 1.2 kb insulator sequence from the chicken beta-globu…
Okamoto, Kyoto School of Medicine, 1963, from outbred Wistar Kyoto male with marked elevation of blood pressure mated to female with slightly elevated blood pressure. Brother x sister mating with continued selection for spontaneous hypertension was then started. To NIH in 1966 from Okamoto at F13. To Charles River from NIH in 1973 at F32.Model Properties: Coat Color: White (albino) MHC Haplotype: RT1k Ideal For: genet…
As study protocols become more complex, so too does the need to have an in vivo model that specifically fits your study design. Charles River offers customized animal preconditioning that is tailored to your research requirements. Whether you need an animal that has been surgically altered, fed a specialized diet or reared to a specific age, we can deliver study-ready animals right to your door, when and where you need them.C…
Envirotainer presents the latest addition to our portfolio of active temperature-controlled air cargo containers. Designed for the most extreme requirements of the healthcare industry, the RAP e2 container maintains product temperatures between ±0 and +25°C in nearly any ambient condition appearing along shipping routes globally.The container handles any chosen set temperature, including the most commonly required in the cold…
Drawing on the benefits of the shape and size of the Envirotainer dry-ice container, the RKN e1 uses a different technology: compressor cooling and electric heating. Designed for the extreme requirements of the healthcare industry, the RKN e1 container maintains product temperatures in the +2 to +8°C range, in the controlled room temperature (+15 to +25 °C) range or at any chosen set temperature within the operating range of…
Get started in healthcare transports or share knowledge and become better at what you do. A dedicated team of specialists is there to provide you with solutions and services that strengthen and extend your business. Envirotainer provides valuable additional services, including laboratory testing, qualification and validation support, data collection and reporting services, and the Qualified Envirotainer Program (QEP)…
Your product development plans deserve the best integrated program of research services available - so choose Covance. With pressure to substantially increase numbers of trial participants, increased scrutiny on product safety and stringent regulatory controls throughout the world, Covance is ready to partner and bring to the fore the expertise, resources and insight required to guide you through the complex and challenging c…
Total flexibility. Covance's Clinical Development services are customized to your specific needs. The stakes are high as your drug enters clinical development in Phase II-III. With your drug’s future on the line, you need to navigate a global maze of patient populations, practice patterns and regulatory requirements, often also languages and time zones, before the goal of regulatory approval is in sight. It’s challenging and…
Superior Regulatory Service Helps Transform Your Clinical Trials. Strong regulatory strategies are pivotal in getting products to market. While many countries’ drug regulations are similar, there are still significant differences. These similarities and differences are the basis of a global regulatory strategy that encompasses the needs of all regions. Serving you where you need to be, our Regulatory Affairs teams are located…
