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The Role of Multiplex Assays in Analyzing the Cytokine Storm

Luminex
7 Nov 2014

This white paper describes several microsphere bead assays, developed using xMAP technology, for use in analyzing the cytokine storm. Multiplexed assay systems, such as those based on on Luminex® xMAP® Technology can simultaneously measure the levels of several cytokines per sample, across a large number of samples. They provide reproducible, fast and sensitive outputs from small volumes of sample.

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Luminex® 200™Multiplexing Instrument

Luminex

The Luminex® 200™ detects up to 100 protein or nucleic acid analytes from a single aliquot of sample in a single reaction well, enabling you to generate more data while saving sample, time, and reagents. With more than 11,000 units sold globally to date, the Luminex 100/200 is the established standard in multiplexing instrumentation. The xMAP® multiplexing platform is composed of an instrument and associated reagents: The Luminex 200 instrument is based on the principles of flow cytometry, which integrates key xMAP detection components such as lasers, optics, fluidics, and high-speed digital signal processors. xMAP microspheres are a family of fluorescently dyed carboxylated polystyrene microspheres that act as both the surface for the solution phase assay and the spectral identifier that the instrument detects. The open architecture of xMAP Technology enables users to build custom multiplex assays or select from a broad menu commercially available kits. Instrument Details: Multiplex Capacity: Up to 100 non-magnetic; 80 magnetic Microtiter Plate: 96 well Throughput: ~40 min/96-well plate (up to 12,800 tests per hour) Dynamic Range: 3.5 logs Sensitivity: Detects a minimum of 1,000 fluorochromes of phycoerythrin (PE) per xMAP microsphere Optics: Lasers/APDs/PMTs Hardware: Flow Cytometry based Software: xPONENT® Software supports protocol-based data acquisition with robust data regression analysis Dimensions: All components combined (Analyzer, XY Platform and Sheath Delivery System) 26.5" W x 23.5" D x 12.5" H (67.3 cm W x 59.7 cm D x 31.8 cm H) Weight: All components combined (Analyzer, XY Platform and Sheath Delivery System) 113 lbs (49 kg) xMAP Reagent Compatibility: Magnetic and nonmagnetic microspheres

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Microplate Readers / DetectorsMicroplate readers are used to automate the detection and analysis of labeled or label-free components in microplates during assays or live-cell monitoring. Microplate readers are generally distinguished by their mode of detection. Types include absorbance, luminescence, fluorescence intensity, fluorescence polarization, TRF / FRET and multimode microplate readers. Microplate readers deliver a high throughput of samples by reading multiple wells simultaneously, with the 96-well format the most commonly used. As a result, microplate readers are often used in the drug discovery, bioassays, research and pharmaceutical industries for screening applications. Microplate loading can also be automated, with robotic microplate stackers to increase throughput. Find the best microplate readers in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.Cell-Based AssaysCell-based assays are used to monitor the presence, quantity and activities of a desired cellular analyte including drug molecules or biomarkers. This can reveal information on cell health (apoptosis, cytotoxicity, viability and proliferation assays), cell metabolism, cell migration and cell signaling mechanisms. Find the best cell-based assay products, kits and equipment with our peer reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receiving pricing direct from manufacturers.Protein PurificationProtein purification is a vital step in drug discovery, therapeutics, biotech and life science research. The purification process typically involves subcellular or membrane protein extraction with cell lysis kits, separation of proteins from cell debris by filtration or spin columns, and the isolation of proteins of interest from other proteins and impurities with affinity purification (including fusion protein tags and antibody binding proteins A, G and L), immunoprecipitation or chromatographic methods, such as ion exchange, size exclusion and immobilized metal affinity chromatography. All purification methods come in multiple formats for your laboratory needs, including agarose or magnetic beads, resins, columns and filter plates. Find the best protein purification equipment in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.BiomarkersBiomarkers are biological markers which can be measured and evaluated to indicate a biological state. The use of biomarkers in research and diagnosis can indicate a normal or disease state or drug response of cells / tissues. Biomarkers include genetic markers, cell surface markers such as antigens, antibodies or receptors and secreted molecules such as cytokines. An assay system is required for identification of biomarkers. :CytokinesCytokines are signaling proteins critical for cell communication in the immune system. They regulate inflammation, immune responses, and cell growth. Cytokine research is vital for understanding disease mechanisms and developing therapies. Explore tools for cytokine detection and analysis in our directory.ImmunoassayImmunoassays are laboratory tests that utilize antibody-antigen interactions to detect specific substances. They are widely used in diagnostics for detecting diseases, drug testing, and environmental monitoring. These assays offer rapid, sensitive, and precise detection of biomarkers, making them invaluable in clinical and research labs. Browse our peer-reviewed product directory to compare immunoassay systems, read user reviews, and get pricing directly from manufacturers.MultiplexingMultiplexing refers to the ability to measure multiple targets or analytes simultaneously in a single experiment. This technique is valuable for high-throughput screening, diagnostics, and complex assays, as it increases efficiency and data quality. Browse our peer-reviewed product directory to find the best multiplexing products, compare tools, check reviews, and get pricing directly from manufacturers.

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The Role of Multiplex Assays in Analyzing the Cytokine Storm