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CD18 is a 95kD type I transmembrane glycoprotein. CD18 is the Integrin β2 chain and forms multiple heterodimers with the three integrin α chains, CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c. CD18 binds with CD11a to form LFA-1. LFA-1 is involved in adhesion and binding to antigen presenting cells via interactions with ICAM-1. CD18 binds with CD11b and CD11c forming complement receptors , such as MAC-1, that participate in the innate immune response by recognizing foreign antigen peptides and destroying them via phagocytosis. In humans, lack of functional CD18 causes Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (LAD) which is characterized by the inability of circulating leukocytes to respond to foreign bodies, reducing the ability of the immune system to fight off infection.