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Characterization of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells by Advanced Focused Ion Beam-SEM Tomography
31 Jul 2017This white paper investigates the microstructural changes after cycling of a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC), studied by means of focused ion beam (FIB)-SEM tomography. The advanced tomography package, ZEISS Atlas 5 3D Tomography, enables high-resolution 3D electron imaging and 3D energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) elemental imaging, using two different sets of SEM conditions optimized for the respective task.
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X-Ray Diffraction and SpectroscopyX-Ray diffraction & spectroscopy are used in material characterization to discern the structure and elemental composition of a sample. X-Ray diffractometers (XRD) are superior instruments in elucidating the dimensional atomic structure of crystalline materials, including powders, thin films and single crystals. For large unit cells or ordered macromolecules, consider small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). X-ray spectroscopic techniques include X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), both providing simple and accurate methods for determining the elemental composition of a material. Energy dispersive (EDXRF) and wavelength dispersive (WDXRF) XRF spectrometers are available, as well as handheld/portable devices. High-resolution, 3D microstructure characterization of materials can be achieved with X-ray microscopes combining sub-micron resolution imaging with 3D computed tomography. Find the best XRD and XRF spectrometers in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.Surface Area TestingPhysisorption studies fundamental parameters essential for the characterization of materials such as the specific surface area and pore size distribution. Properties such as porosity, strength, hardness, permeability, separation selectivity, corrosion, and thermal stress resistance can all be directly correlated to the porous structure of a material.Electron MicroscopyElectron microscopes (EM) are used to create high-resolution images of samples at the nanoscale by means of an accelerated beam of electrons as a source of illumination. Types of electron microscope include scanning electron microscopes (SEM), transmission electron microscopes (TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM) and cryo-electron microscopes. Focused ion beam (FIB) microscopes are useful for modifying or milling a sample surface with nanometer precision, as well as imaging. Find the best electron microscopes in our peer-reviewed product directory: compare products, check customer reviews and receive pricing direct from manufacturers.3D Imaging3D imaging technologies allow for the visualization and analysis of three-dimensional structures at high resolution. These systems are used in fields like molecular biology, material science, and medical diagnostics. 3D imaging can be applied to visualize cells, tissues, and organs, providing valuable insights into their structure and function. Browse our peer-reviewed product directory to find the best 3D imaging solutions, compare products, check reviews, and get pricing directly from manufacturers.NanomaterialsNanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes and nanoparticles are a group of materials that measure between 1-1000nm for a single unit. Analysis techniques include AFM, electron microscopy and super resolution microscopy.SEMScanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is a technique that uses a focused electron beam to scan a sample and create high-resolution images. It is widely used in materials science, nanotechnology, and biological research. Explore SEM systems in our peer-reviewed product directory; compare products, check reviews, and get pricing directly from manufacturers.
