This Human Th1/Th2 11plex RTU FlowCytomix Kit is designed for the measurement of human IFN gamma, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 p70, TNF alpha and TNF beta in an immunoassay analyzed on a flow cytometer in a ready-to-use format. This kit contains the following bead populations IFN gamma A4, IL-1 beta B8, IL-2 A6, IL-4 B6, IL-5 B7, IL-6 A12, IL-8 A10, IL-10 A8, IL-12 p70 A2,TNF alpha B9,TNF beta B10. The term Th1 cytokines (referred to also as Type-1 cytokines) and Th2 cytokines (referred to also as Type-2 cytokines) refers to the patterns of cytokines secreted by two different subpopulations of human CD4 (+) Tcells that determine the outcome of an antigenic response toward humoral or cell-mediated immunity. Numerous cells other than T-cells expressing CD4 have been shown to be capable of producing Th1 cytokines and Th2 cytokines. These cells include CD8 (+) T-cells, monocytes, natural killer cells, B-cells, eosinophils, mast cells, basophils, and other cells. Type-1 cytokines include IL-2, IFN gamma, IL-12 and TNF beta, while Type-2 cytokines include IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-13. Th1 cells, but not Th2, secrete IL-2, IFN gamma and TNF beta, whereas Th2 cells, but not Th1 cells, express IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10. The molecular mechanisms underlying the evolution of these two different cell types from common precursors are still not completely known. Studies with transgenic mice carrying null mutations of the IL-4 gene have shown that IL-4 plays an important role in the establishment of a functional Th2 immune response. The different patterns of cytokine secretion correspond with different functions as immune effectors. Th1 cells promote cell-mediated effector responses. Th2 cells are mainly helper cells that influence B-cell development and augment humoral responses such as the secretion of antibodies, predominantly of IgE, by B-cells. Both types of Th cells influence each other by the cytokines they secrete IFN gamma, for example, can downregulate Th2 clones while Th2 cytokines, such as IL-10 can suppress Th1 functions. IFN gamma has been shown also to inhibit the proliferation of human Th2 cells but not that of Th1 helper T-lymphocyte clones. It thus appears that these functional subsets are mutually antagonistic such that the decision of which subset predominates within an infection may determine also its outcome.