Description

CD5 (T1) is a human cell surface T-lymphocyte single-chain transmembrane glycoprotein. CD5 is expressed on all mature T-lymphocytes, most of thymocytes, subset of B-lymphocytes and on many T-cell leukemias and lymphomas. It is a type I membrane glycoprotein whose extracellular region contains three scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains. The CD5 is a signal transducing molecule whose cytoplasmic tail is devoid of any intrinsic catalytic activity. CD5 modulates signaling through the antigen-specific receptor complex (TCR and BCR). CD5 crosslinking induces extracellular Ca++ mobilization, tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular proteins and DAG production. Preliminary evidence shows protein associations with ZAP-70, p56lck, p59fyn, PC-PLC, etc. CD5 may serve as a dual receptor, giving either stimulatory or inhibitory signals depending both on the cell type and development stage. In thymocytes and B1a cells seems to provide inhibitory signals, in peripheral mature T lymhocytes it acts as a costimulatory signal receptor. CD5 is the phenotypic marker of a B cell subpopulation involved in the production of autoreactive antibodies.Disease relevance: CD5 is a phenotypic marker for some B cell lymphoproliferative disorders (B-CLL, Hairy cell leukemia, etc.). The CD5+ popuation is expanded in some autoimmune disorders (Rheumatoid Arthritis, etc.). Herpes virus infections induce loss of CD5 expression in the expanded CD8+ human T cells.

Alternative Names

Leu-1

Biological Information